Air Bus

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The Airbus Industry Area | Euro Konsortium

The Airbus Industrie, the leading aerospace industry in Europe, was founded in 1970 to close a gap in the short- to medium-term wide-body aerospace markets. Today it is one of the world's two leading producers of passenger airliners, competes directly with the American Boeing Company and often dominates the jet liner markets in terms of orders, shipments or yearly sales.

The head office is located near Toulouse, France. The Airbus industry has more than 50,000 workers. In France, Germany, Spain, the UK and China, Airbus staff work directly on Airbus aeroplanes, while others work worldwide in technical, commercial, training and other professions. US firms are in charge of about one third of Airbus parts.

Partners will carry out a large part of the component parts in their own plants, e.g. wing production for all Airbus planes in the UK and rear assemblies in Spain. The assemblies are shipped to the end production line in France, Germany and China by truck, train, barge, boat and plane (with a flotilla of specialized aircrafts, the Airbus Super Transporter Beluga).

The Airbus A 320, A330/A340, A380 and A350 planes will be delivered in a facility near Toulouse, while the A318, A319 and A 321 planes will be installed in Hamburg. Furthermore, since 2008 Airbus has been assembling Airbus Airbus A320 aircraft in Tianjin, China, and in 2012 Airbus announces that the assembly of Airbus will take place in Mobile, Alabama, from 2015.

Airbus' programme began in 1965, when the French and Governments of Germany began talks on the formation of a syndicate to construct a high-performance jetliner in Europe. In the following year, French, Flemish, Germans and UK civil servants said that Sud Aviation (France), Arge Airbus (an informally formed group of Germany's aviation and space companies) and Hawker Siddeley Aviation (UK) were investigating the design of a 300-seater short-haul aircraft.

The original Airbus engine configuration, the Airbus A 300, was upgraded to a 250-seat configuration because the engine was not designed to meet Airbus specifications. The UK authorities withdrew from the programme in 1969, but France and Germany formally agreed to start the work. The Airbus Industrie Group was founded in 1970 as Groupement d'Intérêt Economique (GIE; Grouping of Mutual Economic Interest), a singular type of association introduced in 1967 under France's laws.

Initially, 50 per cent of the funds came from the Aerospatiale (later Aerospatiale Matra), which was formed by the fusion of Sud Aviation with Nord Aviation and the rocket manufacturer Sereb, and 50 per cent from the German Airbus (later DaimlerChrysler Aerospace Airbus), a German JV in which Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm held 65 per cent and VFW-Fokker 35 per cent.

The Spanish Construcciones Aeronáuticas S.A. (CASA) acceded in 1971 with a 4.2 per cent stake. In 1977, Hawker Siddeley and other UK businesses were nationalised into a sole governing group, BAE Systems (British Aerospace), which came to Airbus as a genuine partnership in 1979 with a 20 per cent stake. During 2000, all but BAE Systems' affiliates combined to form Airbus, which thus purchased an 80 per cent stake in Airbus.

Designed to fill the gap in the short- to medium-haul, high-capacity segment of the aviation industry, the Airbus Airbus' Airbus A300 offers a wide variety of seating options. Launched in 1972, the Airbus Airbus A300 prototypes were first flown by Air France in 1974. In 1977, a major milestone was achieved when the US airline Eastern Air Lines concluded a lease agreement for the plane.

Airbus received a second thrust in 1978 when the company started a programme to design a smaller-capacity medium-range aeroplane. The A310 was first flown in 1982 and was put into operation three years later. By adding the A310 to its portfolio, Airbus Industrie has been able to provide airlines with the benefits and economies of a single aeroplane type such as similar deck, common parts and a variety of dimensions to optimise the A310 for the best route.

Airbus' focus on styling and merchandising should continue after the A300/A310 families were phased out in 2007. The Airbus Airbus Airbus 20, whose programme was started in 1984, was conceived as a narrow-body, short-haul and medium-haul aeroplane, incorporating a number of technological breakthroughs, in particular fly-by-wire computerised control systems.

In 1988 the Airbus A320 was put into operation. Airbus took off in 1987 with two wide-body jets using the same wings and wings to expand its portfolio into the long-range market. A four-engined Airbus went into operation in 1993, a twin-engined Airbus A330 followed a year later. Especially the latter turned out to be a favourite commercial aeroplane as well as a cargo ship and naval propellant shelter.

Airbus opened up another long-haul slot in 2007 with the A380, the world's biggest commercial jet, the ultra long-haul A380. Constructed with two full-length passanger deck areas, it provided a 555 seat occupancy rate and a 853 seat occupancy rate in an economics cabin layout. 2012 saw the start of completion of work on the production of the first Airbus-A350, an aeroplane designed to operate long-haul flights with high efficiency and minimum environmental impact.

New Rolls-Royce fuel-efficient power units and a light -weight cabin made up mainly of titan, aluminium and CFRP were fitted to the twin-engined A350. During Airbus' early years, member country Governments provided programme start-up assistance in the shape of reimbursable grants for research and developed each new Airbus aeroplane.

Government costs were progressively lowered and, beginning with the 1989 A321, Airbus was fully funded from internal treasury and outside trade resources. Airbus, led by Boeing, entered the corporate jets segment in 1997 and launched a programme for the Airbus Corporate Jetliner on the basis of the Airbus A 319.

The Airbus military company was founded two years later as a daughter company to design a A400M airlift.